Zuckerman J N, Zuckerman A J
Academic Centre for Travel Medicine and Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Viral Diseases, Royal Free Campus, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London NW3 2PF, UK.
J Infect. 2000 Sep;41(2):130-6. doi: 10.1053/jinf.2000.0720.
Over two billion people around the world have been infected with hepatitis B virus, of whom over 350 million are chronic carriers. Some 25% of carriers develop progressive liver disease. The annual mortality from hepatitis B infection and its sequelae is 1-2 million people worldwide.The following current topics are reviewed: immunization strategies against hepatitis B and the kinetics and antibody response; the controversy on screening blood donors for anti-core antibodies; mutations of hepatitis B surface antigen, including evidence that not all such mutants are detectable by current laboratory tests and, finally, the introduction of second generation nucleoside analogues for treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection, including treatment of patients with decompensated liver disease and liver transplantation.
全球有超过20亿人感染了乙肝病毒，其中超过3.5亿人是慢性携带者。约25%的携带者会发展为进行性肝病。全球每年因乙肝感染及其后遗症导致的死亡人数为100万至200万。本文综述了以下当前热点话题：乙肝免疫策略以及免疫动力学和抗体反应；关于筛查献血者抗核心抗体的争议；乙肝表面抗原的突变，包括并非所有此类突变体都能被当前实验室检测方法检测到的证据；最后是用于治疗慢性乙肝感染的第二代核苷类似物的引入，包括对失代偿性肝病患者和肝移植患者的治疗。
