Boléo-Tomé J
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade de Lisboa [corrected].
Acta Med Port. 2000 May-Jun;13(3):129-42.
Considering the recent commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Proclamation of Human Rights, the author attempts to establish a parallel between the notion of human dignity as we read in the Hippocratic Oath, and the prevailing concept within the societies that either preceded, were contemporary or succeeded it. With that goal in mind, three ancient civilizations are focussed--Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece--showing the differences in behaviour towards the human being, far different from the perspective of the Oath. The new view of human dignity and its due respect, in any circumstance, was only completely understood with the appearance and acceptance of Christianity. The author then draws attention to what may be viewed as the main feature of this century, as it approaches its end: the urge to lead the international community to accept, in a clear way, what Hippocrates defined in Medicine--the dignity of the human person, regardless of race, religion, sex or social class.
鉴于最近人权宣言发布50周年的纪念活动，作者试图在我们从希波克拉底誓言中读到的人类尊严概念与在它之前、与之同时代或之后的社会中盛行的概念之间建立一种平行关系。出于这一目的，重点关注了三个古代文明——埃及、美索不达米亚和希腊——展示了在对待人类行为上的差异，从誓言的角度来看差异很大。对人类尊严及其应有的尊重的新观点，只有随着基督教的出现和被接受才在任何情况下得到完全理解。作者接着提请注意在本世纪接近尾声时可能被视为其主要特征的一点：促使国际社会明确接受希波克拉底在医学中所定义的——无论种族、宗教、性别或社会阶层，人的尊严。
