Intracellular FGF-2 promotes differentiation in T-47D breast cancer cells.

To test the implicated role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; FGF-2) in promoting differentiation in breast cancer, we enforced the expression of FGF-2 in T-47D breast cancer cells. Expression of FGF-2 conferred an overall less malignant phenotype to T-47D cells as revealed by their reduced proliferative response, impaired capacity for anchorage-independent growth, and invasion through Matrigel. To understand one candidate mechanism for the intracellular FGF-2-mediated anti-invasive effect, we examined the effect of FGF-2 on T-47D cell motility. Addition of recombinant FGF-2 to the growth medium markedly enhanced cell motility while constitutive expression of intracellular FGF-2 significantly inhibited the migratory potential of T-47D cells in a dominant manner. FGF-2-expressing T-47D cells also formed relatively defined branching structures in Matrigel matrices, a characteristic phenotype of differentiation in breast cancer cells. These data suggest a potential role for FGF-2 in promoting functional differentiation of breast epithelial cells.