Hagan H, McGough J P, Thiede H, Hopkins S, Duchin J, Alexander E R
Public Health, Seattle King County, 106 Prefontaine Place South, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2000 Oct;19(3):247-52. doi: 10.1016/s0740-5472(00)00104-5.
The association between needle exchange, change in drug use frequency and enrollment and retention in methadone drug treatment was studied in a cohort of Seattle injection drug users (IDUs). Participants included IDUs classified according to whether they had used a needle exchange by study enrollment and during the 12-month follow-up period. The relative risk (RR) and the adjusted RR (ARR) were estimated as measures of the association. It was found that IDUs who had formerly been exchange users were more likely than never-exchangers to report a substantial (> or= 75%) reduction in injection (ARR = 2.85, 95% confidence limit [CL] 1.47-5.51), to stop injecting altogether (ARR = 3.5, 95% CL 2.1-5.9), and to remain in drug treatment. New users of the exchange were five times more likely to enter drug treatment than never-exchangers. We conclude that reduced drug use and increased drug treatment enrollment associated with needle exchange participation may have many public health benefits, including prevention of blood-borne viral transmission.
在西雅图注射吸毒者（IDU）队列中，研究了针头交换、吸毒频率变化以及美沙酮药物治疗的入组和留存之间的关联。参与者包括根据研究入组时及12个月随访期内是否使用过针头交换进行分类的注射吸毒者。估计相对风险（RR）和调整后的RR（ARR）作为关联的衡量指标。结果发现，曾经使用过针头交换的注射吸毒者比从未使用者更有可能报告注射量大幅（≥75%）减少（ARR = 2.85，95%置信区间[CL] 1.47 - 5.51），完全停止注射（ARR = 3.5，95% CL 2.1 - 5.9），并继续接受药物治疗。新的针头交换使用者进入药物治疗的可能性是从未使用者的五倍。我们得出结论，与参与针头交换相关的吸毒减少和药物治疗入组增加可能带来许多公共卫生益处，包括预防血源病毒传播。
