Dumonceau J M, Devière J
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-pancreatology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 1999 Apr;13(1):109-30. doi: 10.1053/bega.1999.0012.
Self-expandable metal stents are indicated for the palliation of oesophageal and biliary malignant strictures. In these indications, the main advantages of metal over plastic stents are a lower incidence of complications associated with the placement procedure (oesophageal stents) and a longer stent patency duration (biliary stents). This article describes the different models of metal stent currently available and their insertion techniques. Clinical results reported with every stent model are reviewed, particular emphasis being placed on 'global success', defined as the proportion of patients who require no endoscopic (or percutaneous) intervention after stent insertion, up to death. Recommendations for choosing between the numerous models available are inferred from this literature review and from our clinical experience.
自膨式金属支架适用于缓解食管和胆管恶性狭窄。在这些适应证中，金属支架相对于塑料支架的主要优点是与放置过程相关的并发症发生率较低（食管支架）以及支架通畅持续时间较长（胆管支架）。本文介绍了目前可用的不同型号金属支架及其插入技术。回顾了每种支架型号报告的临床结果，特别强调了“总体成功率”，其定义为支架置入后直至死亡无需内镜（或经皮）干预的患者比例。从这篇文献综述和我们的临床经验中推断出在众多可用型号之间进行选择的建议。
