KleinJan A, McEuen A R, Dijkstra M D, Buckley M G, Walls A F, Fokkens W J
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000 Oct;106(4):677-86. doi: 10.1067/mai.2000.109621.
Basophils and mast cells have certain similarities and are believed to be important in upper and lower respiratory allergy.
We sought to apply immunohistology to investigate the distribution and numbers of mast cells and basophils in the nasal mucosa after allergen provocation.
Allergen challenge with grass pollen was performed in 9 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis out of the hay fever season. Nasal biopsy specimens were taken before and approximately 1 hour, 24 hours, and 1 week after intranasal allergen provocation. We determined relative numbers and their phenotypic characteristics by using mAbs specific for tryptase, chymase, IgE, eosinophils (BMK-13), and a new mAb against basophils (BB1) by using immunohistochemistry in frozen sections.
In the nasal mucosa at baseline, practically no basophils were found in the epithelium. A significant increase in numbers was found in the epithelium and lamina propria of the nasal mucosa in the early phase as early as 1 hour after allergen provocation. At 24 hours and 1 week after allergen provocation, a significant increase in basophil numbers was found in the lamina propria only. The proportion of mast cells staining for chymase in the lamina propria decreased from a median of 38% (range, 0%-82%) to 14% (range, 0%-78%) within 1 hour of allergen provocation. The proportion of mast cells staining for chymase increased from 1% (range, 0%-86%) at baseline to 21% (range, 3%-85%) within 1 hour of allergen provocation. One week after provocation, mast cells returned to baseline numbers. A definite tissue eosinophilia was observed after allergen provocation.
Basophil numbers are increased in the epithelium and lamina propria of the nasal mucosa of subjects with rhinitis after allergen challenge, with influx already apparent at 1 hour. Moreover, changes in mast cell percentages and numbers were observed within 1 hour of allergen provocation.
嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞有一定相似之处，且被认为在上、下呼吸道过敏中起重要作用。
我们试图应用免疫组织学方法研究变应原激发后鼻黏膜中肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的分布及数量。
在花粉症季节之外，对9例季节性变应性鼻炎患者进行草花粉变应原激发试验。在鼻内变应原激发前、激发后约1小时、24小时和1周采集鼻活检标本。通过在冰冻切片中使用针对类胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、IgE、嗜酸性粒细胞（BMK-13）的单克隆抗体以及一种针对嗜碱性粒细胞的新单克隆抗体（BB1），我们确定了相对数量及其表型特征。
在基线时，鼻黏膜上皮中几乎未发现嗜碱性粒细胞。变应原激发后1小时的早期阶段，鼻黏膜上皮和固有层中的嗜碱性粒细胞数量显著增加。变应原激发后24小时和1周时，仅固有层中的嗜碱性粒细胞数量显著增加。变应原激发后1小时内，固有层中对糜蛋白酶染色的肥大细胞比例从中位数38%（范围0%-82%）降至14%（范围0%-78%）。对糜蛋白酶染色的肥大细胞比例从基线时的1%（范围0%-86%）在变应原激发后1小时内增至21%（范围3%-85%）。激发后1周，肥大细胞数量恢复至基线水平。变应原激发后观察到明确的组织嗜酸性粒细胞增多。
变应原激发后，鼻炎患者鼻黏膜上皮和固有层中的嗜碱性粒细胞数量增加，激发后1小时即出现明显的细胞内流。此外，在变应原激发后1小时内观察到肥大细胞百分比和数量的变化。
