Artem'eva G M, Lazareva E M, Muromtsev G S
All-Russia Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia.
Genetika. 2000 Aug;36(8):1071-80.
The effect of fusicoccin on the common wheat genome (cv. Mironovskaya 808) during early phases of seed germination was studied. It was shown that fusicoccin: (1) increased the number of cells with one or two nucleoli and decreased the proportion of cells containing three and four nucleoli; (2) enhanced the total volume of nucleoli per nucleus at a concentration of 0.68 mg/l; (3) did not activate additional rRNA genes on chromosomes 1B and 6B; (4) did not activate the latent nucleolus organizer regions on chromosomes of genome B; (5) induced associations of nucleolus organizer regions on B-genome chromosomes; (6) significantly enhanced mitotic activity in apical meristem of seedling root tips and promoted the first peak of mitoses; the effect disappeared after 44 h of seed imbibition; (7) in contrast to gibberellin, did not synchronize cell division; (8) did not cause chromosome and chromatid aberrations and increase the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges at physiologically active concentrations. Presumable mechanisms of fusicoccin-induced activation of rRNA genes are discussed in relation to the identification of the fusicoccin receptor belonging to the GF14 proteins with an intracellular binding site, to the detection of endogenous fusicoccin in plants in vivo, and to fusicoccin-induced activation of gene transcription.
研究了壳梭孢菌素在种子萌发早期对普通小麦基因组（品种米罗诺夫斯卡亚808）的影响。结果表明，壳梭孢菌素：（1）增加了含有一个或两个核仁的细胞数量，减少了含有三个和四个核仁的细胞比例；（2）在浓度为0.68 mg/l时增加了每个细胞核内核仁的总体积；（3）未激活1B和6B染色体上的额外rRNA基因；（4）未激活B基因组染色体上的潜在核仁组织区；（5）诱导了B基因组染色体上核仁组织区的缔合；（6）显著增强了幼苗根尖顶端分生组织的有丝分裂活性，并促进了有丝分裂的第一个峰值；种子吸胀44小时后该效应消失；（7）与赤霉素不同，未使细胞分裂同步；（8）在生理活性浓度下未引起染色体和染色单体畸变，也未增加姐妹染色单体交换频率。结合属于GF14蛋白且具有细胞内结合位点的壳梭孢菌素受体的鉴定、植物体内内源性壳梭孢菌素的检测以及壳梭孢菌素诱导的基因转录激活，讨论了壳梭孢菌素诱导rRNA基因激活的可能机制。
