Chalyk S T
Institute of Genetics, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau.
Genetika. 2000 Aug;36(8):1088-92.
Three unrelated homozygous maize lines, TS11, P22, and ST156, that produced hybrids in which heterosis was either absent or insignificant were identified. These hybrids were phenotypically similar to self-pollinated homozygous lines. Reciprocal crosses showed that the absence of heterosis is controlled by nuclear genes and is not associated with the cytoplasm of inbred lines. Analysis of F2 plants demonstrated that lines TS11, P22, and ST156 contained allelic genes determining the absence of heterosis in hybrid plants. Crosses of lines TS11, P22, and ST156 with a common selection line 092 generated hybrids with normal heterosis. It was concluded that heterozygosity or homozygosity of particular genes in lines TS11, P22, and ST156 play a pivotal role in the manifestation or the absence of hybrid vigor in hybrids.
鉴定出三个不相关的纯合玉米品系TS11、P22和ST156，它们所产生的杂种中杂种优势不存在或不显著。这些杂种在表型上与自花授粉的纯合品系相似。正反交表明，杂种优势的缺失由核基因控制，与自交系的细胞质无关。对F2植株的分析表明，TS11、P22和ST156品系含有决定杂种植物中杂种优势缺失的等位基因。TS11、P22和ST156品系与一个共同的选择品系092杂交产生了具有正常杂种优势的杂种。得出的结论是，TS11、P22和ST156品系中特定基因的杂合性或纯合性在杂种中杂种活力的表现或缺失中起关键作用。
