Chu B G, Chen Y Z
Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai.
Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan. 1997 Oct;28(4):295-300.
The high affinity uptake of glutamate in nervous system is sodium dependent and is mediated by glutamate transporter proteins located both in the nerve endings which release glutamate as a transmitter and in the plasma membrane of glial cells. Four subtypes (GLUT1, GLAST, EAAC1 and EAAT4) of glutamate transporters have been cloned. The localizations, distributions and pharmacological properties for each of these subtypes are unique from one another. The high affinity uptake of glutamate is regulated by various factors, such as arachidonic acid, nitric oxide, free oxygen radicals, protein kinases, cytokines and growth factors. The regulations are obviously meaningful from the standpoint of physiology and/or pathophysiology.
神经系统中谷氨酸的高亲和力摄取依赖于钠，由位于释放谷氨酸作为递质的神经末梢和神经胶质细胞质膜中的谷氨酸转运蛋白介导。已克隆出四种谷氨酸转运体亚型（GLUT1、GLAST、EAAC1和EAAT4）。这些亚型各自的定位、分布和药理学特性彼此不同。谷氨酸的高亲和力摄取受多种因素调节，如花生四烯酸、一氧化氮、自由基、蛋白激酶、细胞因子和生长因子。从生理学和/或病理生理学角度来看，这些调节显然具有重要意义。
