Gudmundsson H, Gudbjartsson D F, Frigge M, Gulcher J R, Stefánsson K
Decode Genetics Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Oct;8(10):743-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200527.
The idea that human longevity is influenced by genetic factors has recently received strong support from work on other species. On the basis of partial population studies and selected kinships, significant correlations between the ages of parents and offspring have been reported, and some but not all twin studies have confirmed that human longevity is moderately inherited. However, studies based upon a relatively small proportion of a population are susceptible to sampling error and selection bias. Here we report the use of a comprehensive population-based computerised genealogy database to examine multigenerational relationships among those who live to the 95th percentile in Iceland. We have developed a clustering tool which can generate large extended pedigrees connecting individuals from any list using the genealogy database. First degree relatives of those living to the 95th percentile are almost twice as likely to live to the 95th percentile compared with controls. Furthermore, we have developed an algorithm which we have named the Minimum Founder Test (MFT) to examine the degree of relatedness of any population-based list of individuals to estimate whether a trait has a familial component. The data indicate that there is a significant genetic component to longevity. In addition, age-specific death rates are significantly lower in the offspring of long-lived parents compared with controls, especially after age 70.
人类长寿受遗传因素影响这一观点最近得到了对其他物种研究的有力支持。基于部分人群研究和特定亲属关系，已有报告称父母与子女的年龄之间存在显著相关性，并且一些（但并非全部）双胞胎研究证实人类长寿具有中等程度的遗传性。然而，基于相对较小比例人群的研究容易受到抽样误差和选择偏差的影响。在此，我们报告使用基于冰岛全体人群的综合计算机化族谱数据库来研究活到第95百分位数人群的多代关系。我们开发了一种聚类工具，该工具可以利用族谱数据库生成连接任何列表中个体的大型扩展谱系。活到第95百分位数人群的一级亲属活到第95百分位数的可能性几乎是对照组的两倍。此外，我们开发了一种算法，我们将其命名为最小创始人测试（MFT），以检查任何基于人群的个体列表的亲缘程度，从而估计某一性状是否具有家族性成分。数据表明，长寿存在显著的遗传成分。此外，与对照组相比，长寿父母的后代在特定年龄的死亡率显著更低，尤其是在70岁之后。
