School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 25;14(1):25321. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73333-8.
Alcohol is widely used but recognized as a risk factor for several adverse health outcomes based on observational studies. How alcohol affects lifespan remains controversial, with no trial to make such an assessment available or likely. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the effect of alcohol on lifespan in men and women, including a possible role of smoking and education. Strong (p < 5e), independent (r < 0.001) genetic predictors of alcohol consumption in 2,428,851 participants of European ancestry from the Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use (GSCAN) consortium genome wide association study (GWAS) were applied to sex-specific GWAS of lifespan (paternal and maternal attained age) and age at recruitment to the UK Biobank. We used multivariable MR to allow for smoking and education, with systolic and diastolic blood pressure as control outcomes. Inverse variance weighted was the primary analysis with sensitivity analysis. Alcohol consumption decreased lifespan overall (- 1.09 years (logged alcoholic drinks per week), - 1.89 to - 0.3) and in men (- 1.47 years, - 2.55 to - 0.38), which remained evident after adjusting for smoking (- 1.81 years, - 3.3 to - 0.32) and education (- 1.85 years, - 3.12 to - 0.58). Estimates from sensitivity analysis were similar, and when using the genetic variant physiologically associated with alcohol use. Alcohol consumption was associated with higher blood pressure as expected. Our study indicates that alcohol does not provide any advantages for men or women but could shorten lifespan. Appropriate interventions should be implemented.
酒精被广泛使用，但基于观察性研究，它被认为是多种不良健康后果的危险因素。酒精如何影响寿命仍然存在争议，目前尚无试验对此进行评估。我们进行了一项孟德尔随机化（MR）研究，以评估酒精对男性和女性寿命的影响，包括吸烟和教育的可能作用。在来自酒精和尼古丁使用测序联盟（GSCAN）联盟全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的 2428851 名欧洲血统参与者中，应用了强有力的（p<5e）、独立的（r<0.001）酒精摄入量遗传预测因子，这些预测因子应用于寿命（父系和母系达到年龄）和英国生物库招募时年龄的性别特异性 GWAS。我们使用多变量 MR 来允许吸烟和教育，并将收缩压和舒张压作为对照结果。逆方差加权是主要分析方法，同时进行敏感性分析。总的来说，饮酒会缩短寿命（-1.09 岁（每周对数酒精饮料），-1.89 至-0.3），男性饮酒会缩短寿命（-1.47 岁，-2.55 至-0.38），这在调整吸烟（-1.81 岁，-3.3 至-0.32）和教育（-1.85 岁，-3.12 至-0.58）后仍然明显。敏感性分析的估计值相似，并且当使用与酒精使用生理相关的遗传变异时。正如预期的那样，饮酒与较高的血压有关。我们的研究表明，酒精对男性或女性都没有任何优势，反而可能会缩短寿命。应实施适当的干预措施。
