Stroke patients' needs and experiences regarding autonomy at discharge from nursing home.

In this qualitative study stroke patients rehabilitating in nursing homes experienced an increase in their autonomy (particularly in self-determination, independence and self-care) in the last weeks before discharge. The change in autonomy was found to be related to regained abilities and self-confidence, and to patients' strategies (e.g. taking initiative, being assertive). The attitude of health professionals and family, and the nursing home could influence patient autonomy. Overprotection, paternalism, care routines and an inconsistent approach constrain autonomy. Conversely, attentiveness, tailored interventions and a respectful dialogue facilitate autonomy, like moderate instrumental and emotional support by the family. Nursing homes can enhance autonomy by minimizing care routines and by providing room for doing activities independently and privately. Attention to patient autonomy may improve patients' active participation in rehabilitation, quality of life, and autonomous living after discharge. Multidisciplinary guidelines based on the results may increase attention to the stroke patients' autonomy and stimulate a team approach.