Bläker F
HNO. 1975 Sep;23(9):265-9.
Tonsils are lymphatic organs carrying out functions of humoral and cellular immunity. They form a local immunologic barrier; they are also involved in general immunologic defence mechanisms. Tonsillectomy or the destruction of tonsils by infections does not reduce the immunoglobulin concentration and antibody titres in peripheral blood. Only the local formation of IgA antibodies against poliomyelitis antigen seems to be impaired at least for a short time. The clinical relevance of this finding is unknown. Signs of defects in immunosurveillance, which were found in some study groups resulting from an increase of the morbidity rates of Hodgkin's disease and thyroid carcinoma, must be considered seriously although there is no statistic evidence for an increase of tumor frequency after tonsillectomy. The indication for tonsillectomy must be decided on clinical findings. Signs for a reduction of local antibody synthesis or for a possible diminuation of immunosurveillance should serve to critical indication.
扁桃体是执行体液免疫和细胞免疫功能的淋巴器官。它们形成局部免疫屏障；也参与全身免疫防御机制。扁桃体切除术或感染对扁桃体的破坏并不会降低外周血中的免疫球蛋白浓度和抗体滴度。至少在短时间内，针对脊髓灰质炎抗原的IgA抗体的局部形成似乎会受到损害。这一发现的临床相关性尚不清楚。在一些研究组中发现免疫监视缺陷的迹象，表现为霍奇金病和甲状腺癌发病率增加，尽管尚无统计学证据表明扁桃体切除术后肿瘤发生率会增加，但必须认真考虑这一情况。扁桃体切除术的指征必须根据临床检查结果来决定。局部抗体合成减少或免疫监视可能减弱的迹象应作为关键指征。
