Warner J O, Pohunek P, Marguet C, Clough J B, Roche W R
Child Health, University of Southampton/Southampton General Hospital, UK.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2000;11 Suppl 13:12-4. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3038.2000.00503.x.
Asthma is one of the atopic diseases strongly associated with allergy. High aeroallergen exposure in the immediate postnatal period has been associated with higher risk of sensitization and chronic asthma. It is proposed that following in utero allergen sensitization, postnatal high dose allergen exposure localizes inflammation to the airways. In association with adjuvantizing effects of some virus infections, eosinophils and neutrophils are recruited which contribute to epithelial damage and the initiation of the remodelling process. Eventually, the latter processes lead to sufficient airway narrowing to manifest as the first symptoms of asthma. Thus, the immunopathology of asthma is fully established by the time of first symptoms and future strategies will need to identify those at risk of developing the disease before irreversible changes in the airways are established.
哮喘是与过敏密切相关的特应性疾病之一。出生后即刻高空气过敏原暴露与致敏和慢性哮喘的较高风险相关。有人提出，在子宫内过敏原致敏后，出生后高剂量过敏原暴露会使炎症局限于气道。与某些病毒感染的佐剂化作用相关，嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞被招募，这有助于上皮损伤和重塑过程的启动。最终，这些过程导致气道充分狭窄，表现为哮喘的最初症状。因此，在出现最初症状时，哮喘的免疫病理学就已完全形成，未来的策略将需要在气道发生不可逆变化之前识别出有患该病风险的人群。
