Calderón R, Perez-Miranda A, Peña J A, Vidales C, Aresti U, Dugoujon J M
Departamento de Biología Animal y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Bilbao, Spain.
Hum Biol. 2000 Aug;72(4):619-40.
GM and KM immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes were tested in 118 autochthonous Basques from northern Navarre. The results are compared to those obtained for the same genetic markers in 6 other Basque subpopulations, 3 from Spain (Guipúzcoa, Vizcaya, and Alava) and 3 from France: Macaye, Saint-Jean Pied de Port, and Mauleon. The northern Navarrese appear genetically closer to the Alava and Saint-Jean Pied de Port subpopulations. The Basques present 3 GM haplotypes that are uncommon in Caucasian populations, suggesting that they have not been completely isolated either from Asian or African populations. The GM1,17 23' 10,11,13,15,16 north Asian haplotype was probably the first to be introduced into the Basque area. The GM1,17 23' 5* haplotype, considered an African genetic marker although also detected in Central Asia, would have reached the Iberian Peninsula through consecutive historic migrations from North Africa. The rare haplotype GM1,17 23 21,28 results probably from a genetic recombination or crossing-over between the 2 common haplotypes GM1, 17 23' 21,28 and GM3 23 5. It is also found with a low frequency in other neighboring regions and countries; but the possibility of its having been introduced through the main passage connecting western France and Spain during the Roman Empire and Middle Ages cannot be ruled out.
对来自纳瓦拉北部的118名巴斯克本地人进行了GM和KM免疫球蛋白（Ig）同种异型检测。将结果与其他6个巴斯克亚群体中相同遗传标记的检测结果进行比较，其中3个来自西班牙（吉普斯夸、比斯开和阿拉瓦），3个来自法国：马卡耶、圣让皮德港和莫莱翁。纳瓦拉北部人在基因上似乎与阿拉瓦和圣让皮德港亚群体更为接近。巴斯克人呈现出3种在高加索人群中不常见的GM单倍型，这表明他们要么与亚洲人群，要么与非洲人群没有完全隔离。GM1,17 23' 10,11,13,15,16北亚单倍型可能是最早被引入巴斯克地区的。GM1,17 23' 5单倍型虽然在中亚也被检测到，但被认为是一种非洲遗传标记，它可能是通过从北非连续的历史迁徙到达伊比利亚半岛的。罕见的GM1,17 23 21,28单倍型可能是由两种常见单倍型GM1, 17 23' 21,28和GM3 23 5*之间的基因重组或交叉产生的。在其他邻近地区和国家也发现其频率较低；但不能排除它是在罗马帝国和中世纪期间通过连接法国西部和西班牙的主要通道引入的可能性。
