Block C, Robenshtok E, Simhon A, Shapiro M
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Hosp Infect. 2000 Oct;46(2):147-52. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2000.0805.
Most published studies of the activity of biocides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been based on suspension tests. This study was undertaken to provide information on the effect of chlorhexidine and povidone iodine on bacteria dried on to surfaces, a situation in which biocide activity is known to be reduced. The inactivation of MRSA (10 strains), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA, 10 strains), VRE (nine strains) and vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis (VSE, 10 strains) by 0.5% aqueous chlorhexidine gluconate or 10% povidone iodine was evaluated by applying the European surface test method. Povidone iodine was equally active against resistant and sensitive strains of both species with microbicidal effects (ME), i.e. the log(10)concentration of micro-organisms compared with controls treated with distilled water, after 1.5 min of 3.14 and 3.49 for VRE and VSE respectively, and 3.47 and 3.78 for MRSA and MSSA. Chlorhexidine was equally active against VRE and VSE (ME 3.37 vs. 3. 56 after 7 min, respectively), but was significantly less active against MRSA as opposed to MSSA (ME 3.07 vs. 3.83 after 10 min, P= 0. 017).
大多数已发表的关于杀菌剂对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）活性的研究都是基于悬液试验。本研究旨在提供有关氯己定和聚维酮碘对干燥在表面的细菌的影响的信息，已知在这种情况下杀菌剂活性会降低。通过应用欧洲表面试验方法，评估了0.5%葡萄糖酸氯己定水溶液或10%聚维酮碘对10株MRSA、10株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）、9株VRE和10株万古霉素敏感粪肠球菌（VSE）的灭活情况。聚维酮碘对两种菌的耐药和敏感菌株均具有同等活性，具有杀菌效果（ME），即与用蒸馏水处理的对照相比，微生物的log(10)浓度，VRE和VSE分别在1.5分钟后为3.14和3.49，MRSA和MSSA分别为3.47和3.78。氯己定对VRE和VSE具有同等活性（分别在7分钟后ME为3.37对3.56），但与MSSA相比，对MRSA的活性明显较低（10分钟后ME为3.07对3.83，P = 0.017）。
