Avila M M, Gazpio M, Liberatore D, Casanueva E, Camarieri G, Libonatti O, Martínez Peralta L
Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
Medicina (B Aires). 2000;60(3):302-4.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be vertically transmitted during the pre, peri or postpartum period. Postnatal transmission as well as an increased risk of vertical transmission with breastfeeding has been shown for HIV-1 in several reports. Breastfeeding was here analyzed as a risk of HIV-1 transmission in a group of infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers. Among the 215 children studied in our population a significant difference was detected between those who were breastfed vs those who were bottle fed and finally became infected (p < 0.000000, R.R. = 4.29). We also report the case of a postnatal infection in a baby born to an HIV-1 seropositive father and a seronegative mother. Due to the risk of infection of the mother she had been thoroughly controlled when pregnant and after delivery. Mother and child were negative when retested at delivery, and at 10 months post-partum. At the age of 32 months the child attended the outpatient clinic with generalized lymphadenopathy and right parotitis. HIV-1 infection was then confirmed in both mother and child. At that time it was discovered that the baby had been breastfed up to the age of 24 months. This is the first reported child in Argentina whose infection may undoubtedly be attributed to breastfeeding.
1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）可能在产前、产时或产后发生垂直传播。几份报告显示，HIV-1存在产后传播以及母乳喂养导致垂直传播风险增加的情况。本文分析了母乳喂养作为一组感染HIV-1母亲所生婴儿感染HIV-1风险的情况。在我们研究的215名儿童中，发现母乳喂养的儿童与奶瓶喂养最终感染的儿童之间存在显著差异（p<0.000000，相对风险率=4.29）。我们还报告了一例HIV-1血清学阳性父亲和血清学阴性母亲所生婴儿的产后感染病例。由于母亲存在感染风险，她在孕期和产后都受到了全面监测。分娩时及产后10个月再次检测时，母婴均为阴性。在32个月大时，该儿童因全身淋巴结肿大和右侧腮腺炎到门诊就诊。随后证实母婴均感染了HIV-1。当时发现该婴儿一直母乳喂养至24个月大。这是阿根廷首例有报道的其感染无疑可归因于母乳喂养的儿童。
