Thresher RE, Werner M, Høeg JT, Svane I, Glenner H, Murphy NE, Wittwer C
CSIRO Marine Research, G.P.O. Box 1538, Tasmania 7001, Hobart, Australia
J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 2000 Nov 1;254(1):37-51. doi: 10.1016/s0022-0981(00)00260-4.
The impacts of introduced marine pests are becoming increasingly apparent, prompting interest in the possibility of their biological control. We undertook laboratory and field experiments on host selection of one potential control agent (the endoparasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini) against its natural host (the widely invasive European shore crab, Carcinus maenas) and several confamilial and more distantly related crustaceans. For comparison, we also tested host specificity in a related parasitic barnacle, Heterosaccus lunatus. The results confirm indistinct behavioral host selection in S. carcini, indicate very different mechanisms for host selection by S. carcini and H. lunatus (which could be related to differences between the two species in attachment points), and suggest host specificity in S. carcini depends on interactions between the parasite and the host's physiology. Development of convincing safety trials for marine parasites like S. carcini, in which the infective stage is a planktonic larva, will be more difficult than for many terrestrial parasites and will require detailed knowledge of the parasite's behavior and physiological interaction with its hosts.
外来海洋有害生物的影响日益明显，这引发了人们对其生物防治可能性的兴趣。我们针对一种潜在的防治剂（内寄生藤壶，蟹奴）对其天然宿主（广泛入侵的欧洲岸蟹，绿蟹）以及几种同科和亲缘关系更远的甲壳类动物进行了宿主选择的实验室和野外实验。为作比较，我们还测试了一种相关寄生藤壶——月形异囊藤壶的宿主特异性。结果证实蟹奴在行为上对宿主的选择不明确，表明蟹奴和月形异囊藤壶的宿主选择机制差异很大（这可能与两种藤壶在附着点上的差异有关），并表明蟹奴的宿主特异性取决于寄生虫与宿主生理之间的相互作用。对于像蟹奴这样感染阶段为浮游幼虫的海洋寄生虫，开展令人信服的安全性试验将比许多陆生寄生虫更困难，并且需要详细了解寄生虫与其宿主的行为及生理相互作用。
