Jungers P, Choukroun G, Robino C, Taupin P, Labrunie M, Man N K, Landais P
Département de néphrologie, Hôpital Necker, Paris.
Nephrologie. 2000;21(5):239-46.
A prospective epidemiological study was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 1998 in the Ile-de-France district to determine the incidence and the prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the characteristics of the patients. All nephrology and dialysis units of the Ile-de-France district participated in the study. The total number of ESRD patients requiring maintenance dialysis was 1155 (including 86 kidney graft failures and 29 children) for a total population of 10.7 millions inhabitants, or 108/10(6)/year. The incidence of new ESRD patients was 100/10(6)/year. The mean age of first-dialyzed, adult patients was 59.8 +/- 16.8 years, with 21.6% aged > or = 75 years. Vascular renal diseases accounted for 22.5% and diabetic nephropathy for 20.6%. As a whole, 36.5% of patients were referred to the nephrologist less than 6 months before starting dialysis. In the latter, the median duration of hospitalization was 28 days, compared to only 3 days in patients cared for by the nephrologist for at least 6 months. Prevalence of patients on maintenance dialysis in the Ile-de-France district grew from 417 to 433/10(6) from the beginning until the end of year 1998, an increment of 3.8%, with an increase in the number of patients treated out-center by self-care hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
1998年1月1日至12月31日，在法国岛地区进行了一项前瞻性流行病学研究，以确定终末期肾病（ESRD）的发病率、患病率及患者特征。法国岛地区所有的肾脏病科和透析单位均参与了该研究。在1070万居民中，需要维持性透析的ESRD患者总数为1155例（包括86例肾移植失败患者和29例儿童），即每年108/10⁶ 。新ESRD患者的发病率为每年100/10⁶ 。首次接受透析的成年患者的平均年龄为59.8±16.8岁，其中21.6%的患者年龄≥75岁。血管性肾病占22.5%，糖尿病肾病占20.6%。总体而言，36.5%的患者在开始透析前不到6个月才转诊至肾病科医生处。对于后者，住院时间中位数为28天，而由肾病科医生护理至少6个月的患者住院时间仅为3天。1998年初至年末，法国岛地区维持性透析患者的患病率从417/10⁶ 增至433/10⁶ ，增幅为3.8%，通过自我护理血液透析或腹膜透析在中心外接受治疗的患者数量有所增加。
