Malaisse W J, Herchuelz A, Levy J, Sener A, Pipeleers D G, Devis G, Somers G, Obberghen E V
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1975;4(1):1-12. doi: 10.1016/0303-7207(76)90002-2.
Glyceraldehyde is known to stimulate insulin release. Its influence on various parameters of islet function was investigated in order to assess the possible significance of glycolsis in the insulinotropic action of glucose. In the absence of glucose, glyceraldehyde (5-20 mM), but neither dihydroxyacetone nor glycerol stimulated insulin release in rat isolated islets. The glucose-like effect glyceraldehyde (10 mM) was characterized by a shift to the left of the curve relating insulin release to glucose concentration, without any significant increase in the maximal velocity of the secretory process. In the isolated perfused rat pancreas, glyceraldehyde provoked a biphasic secretory response. Glyceraldehyde-induced insulin release was inhibited in the absence of calcium or in the presence of epinephrine, unaffected by mannoheptulose or 3,3-tetramethyleneglutaric acid, and enhanced by theophylline and cytochalism B. Glyceraldehyde also stimulated to pro-insulin biosynthesis and 45Ca net uptake by isolated islets, the latter effect being apparently due, in part at least, to inhibition of calcium outward transport across the cell membrane. At concentrations of nearly equivalent insulinotropic potency, glucose and glyceraldehyde were metabolized at rates yielding comparable output of both lactate and 14CO2. The data indicate that glyceraldehyde mimics many effects of glucose on islet function, suggesting that the insulinotropic action of glucose may be related to its metabolism through the glycolytic pathway.
已知甘油醛能刺激胰岛素释放。为了评估糖酵解在葡萄糖促胰岛素作用中的可能意义，研究了其对胰岛功能各项参数的影响。在无葡萄糖存在的情况下，甘油醛（5 - 20 mM）可刺激大鼠分离胰岛释放胰岛素，但二羟基丙酮和甘油均无此作用。甘油醛（10 mM）类似葡萄糖的作用表现为胰岛素释放与葡萄糖浓度关系曲线左移，而分泌过程的最大速度无显著增加。在离体灌注大鼠胰腺中，甘油醛引发双相分泌反应。在无钙或有肾上腺素存在时，甘油醛诱导的胰岛素释放受到抑制，不受甘露庚酮糖或3,3 - 四亚甲基戊二酸影响，而茶碱和细胞松弛素B可增强其作用。甘油醛还刺激分离胰岛中胰岛素原的生物合成和45Ca的净摄取，后一作用至少部分显然是由于抑制了钙通过细胞膜的外向转运。在胰岛素促分泌效能几乎相当的浓度下，葡萄糖和甘油醛的代谢速率产生的乳酸和14CO2输出量相当。数据表明甘油醛模拟了葡萄糖对胰岛功能的许多作用，提示葡萄糖的促胰岛素作用可能与其通过糖酵解途径的代谢有关。
