Henningfield J E, Fant R V, Radzius A, Frost S
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 1999 Jun;1(2):163-8. doi: 10.1080/14622299050011271.
The present study examined characteristics relating to nicotine delivery of 17 cigar brands, which included small cigars, cigarillos, and large premium cigar brands. The cigars selected for analysis were intended to represent the range of cigar products currently available and in popular use. In addition to cigar characteristics previously studied such as size, nicotine content, and pH of their tobacco, the present study examined smoke pH on a puff-by-puff basis. The tobacco content of the cigars ranged in weight from 0.53 to 21.5 g. There was considerable variation in total nicotine content, which ranged from 5.9 to 335.2 mg per cigar. The aqueous pH of the tobacco from the cigars also varied widely with values ranging from 5.7 to 7.8. The smoke pH values of the smallest cigars was generally acidic, changed little across puffs, and more closely resembled the profiles previously reported for typical cigarettes. Interestingly, the smoke pH of smaller cigars and cigarillos became acidic after the first third of the cigar was consumed and then remained acidic thereafter, whereas larger cigars became acidic during the first third, then became quite alkaline during the last third. Because of wide variations in nicotine content of the tobacco across brands and of similarly wide variations in smoke pH, cigar size is not an accurate predictor of the nicotine delivery capacity of a particular cigar brand, although, in general, larger cigars are capable of providing larger total nicotine delivery with extraordinarily high delivery levels being possible from many of the large premium cigars. These results demonstrated that the popular cigars in this study contained enough nicotine for the development of dependence when smoking as few as one or two of the larger cigars per day.
本研究调查了17个雪茄品牌的尼古丁释放特性，其中包括小雪茄、小 cigarillos 和大型优质雪茄品牌。所选用于分析的雪茄旨在代表当前市面上流行的各类雪茄产品。除了之前研究过的雪茄特性，如尺寸、尼古丁含量及其烟草的pH值，本研究还逐口分析了烟雾的pH值。雪茄的烟草含量重量从0.53克到21.5克不等。总尼古丁含量存在相当大的差异，每支雪茄的含量从5.9毫克到335.2毫克不等。雪茄烟草的水相pH值也有很大变化，范围从5.7到7.8。最小的雪茄的烟雾pH值通常呈酸性，逐口变化不大，并且更类似于之前报道的典型香烟的情况。有趣的是，较小的雪茄和 cigarillos 在吸食前三分之一后烟雾pH值变为酸性，此后一直保持酸性，而较大的雪茄在前三分之一时变为酸性，然后在最后三分之一时变为碱性。由于不同品牌烟草的尼古丁含量差异很大，烟雾pH值也有同样大的差异，雪茄尺寸并不是特定雪茄品牌尼古丁释放能力的准确预测指标，尽管一般来说，较大的雪茄能够提供更高的总尼古丁释放量，许多大型优质雪茄都有可能达到极高的释放水平。这些结果表明，本研究中的流行雪茄含有足够的尼古丁，即使每天只抽一到两支较大的雪茄，也可能导致成瘾。
