Kuperberg J M, Soliman K F, Stino F K, Kolta M G
Center for Biomedical & Toxicological Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
Life Sci. 2000 Sep 8;67(16):2001-9. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00785-2.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate (OP) insecticide and is among the most common and widely used commercial insecticides. Human intoxication is reported to result in a typical set of responses, which include an immediate and long lasting hyperthermic response (fever). Rodents exposed to similar doses exhibit a biphasic body temperature response: short-term hypothermia followed by subtle hyperthermia several days after administration. Time of day of administration has been suggested to alter the body temperature effect of CPF. In the present study, it is shown that adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to CPF via (oral) gavage at four different times of the day demonstrate a hypothermic response, the timing and magnitude of which is independent of time of exposure and that is blocked by atropine pretreatment. However, a delayed (hyperthermic) response seems to be exhibited only when dosing occurs during the light phase. Our findings support existing theories that the hypothermic and hyperthermic effects of CPF work through independent mechanisms. It is also suggested that humans may indeed exhibit a biphasic temperature response to CPF intoxication, but that it is not typically detected.
毒死蜱（CPF）是一种有机磷酸酯（OP）杀虫剂，是最常见且使用最广泛的商业杀虫剂之一。据报道，人体中毒会导致一系列典型反应，其中包括立即出现且持续时间较长的体温过高反应（发热）。接触相似剂量毒死蜱的啮齿动物表现出双相体温反应：给药后短期内体温过低，随后数天出现轻微体温过高。有研究表明，给药时间会改变毒死蜱对体温的影响。在本研究中，结果显示，成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠在一天中的四个不同时间经（口服）灌胃接触毒死蜱后会出现体温过低反应，其时间和程度与接触时间无关，且该反应可被阿托品预处理阻断。然而，似乎只有在光照阶段给药时才会出现延迟的（体温过高）反应。我们的研究结果支持了现有的理论，即毒死蜱的体温过低和过高效应是通过独立机制起作用的。研究还表明，人类对毒死蜱中毒可能确实会表现出双相体温反应，但通常未被检测到。
