Brown E J
University of Central Florida, School of Nursing, College of Health and Public Affairs, Orlando 32816-2210, USA.
ABNF J. 2000 Mar-Apr;11(2):37-43.
Protected sex is crucial in reducing college students' risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Trends indicate college students are knowledgeable about HIV prevention measures, yet underestimate their HIV/AIDS risk in light of their sexual behavior, which they fail to alter in significant ways. The purposes of this exploratory correlational study were to: (a) explore the relationship between AIDS risk perception, self-efficacy, AIDS knowledge, and select demographics on ARRB, (b) compare gender and ethnic differences and (c) assess the validity and reliability of the three psychometric instruments (AIDS Risk Perception question, the AIDS Self-efficacy Survey and the Relative AIDS Risk Index) and the National AIDS Awareness Test. Participants were 407 undergraduates who attended one of three state-supported collegiate institutions in Florida. The psychometric instruments were found valid and reliable. Sixty percent of the students engaged in unprotected sex and 59% engaged in sex while under the influence of alcohol. AIDS risk perception and self-efficacy explained 20% of the variance in AIDS-related risk behavior. Clinical and research implications are discussed.
安全性行为对于降低大学生感染包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染在内的性传播疾病（STD）的风险至关重要。趋势表明，大学生了解HIV预防措施，但鉴于其性行为，他们低估了自己感染HIV/AIDS的风险，且未能在很大程度上改变其性行为。这项探索性相关性研究的目的是：（a）探讨艾滋病风险认知、自我效能感、艾滋病知识以及选定的人口统计学因素与艾滋病相关风险行为（ARRB）之间的关系，（b）比较性别和种族差异，以及（c）评估三种心理测量工具（艾滋病风险认知问卷、艾滋病自我效能感调查和相对艾滋病风险指数）和全国艾滋病意识测试的有效性和可靠性。研究对象为407名就读于佛罗里达州三所州立大学院校之一的本科生。结果发现这些心理测量工具是有效且可靠的。60%的学生有过无保护性行为，59%的学生在饮酒的情况下发生过性行为。艾滋病风险认知和自我效能感解释了与艾滋病相关风险行为中20%的变异。文中还讨论了临床和研究意义。
