[The morphological reactions in the lungs during the chemotherapy of experimental tuberculosis].

Histological, histochemical, and electron microscopic studies were used to examine cellular and subcellular responses in the lung to the development of tuberculous inflammation and its drug treatment. In early inflammation, they are induced by higher capillary and cellular permeabilities, cell ultrastructural changes in the air-blood barrier. The period of granuloma formation is characterized by a larger count of hypertrophic alveolar parenchymal cells, type 2 alveolocytes in particular, that synthesize a surfactant, and by higher macrophagal activity. During therapy, there are increases in the count of multinuclear giant cells in the granuloma, in the resolution of inflammatory changes or in the isolation of a tuberculous focus. Morphological signs that show the inefficiency of treatment are identified.