Bridgman S A
Industrial and Community Health Research Centre, Keele University School of Postgraduate Medicine, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent.
J Public Health Med. 2000 Sep;22(3):400-5. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/22.3.400.
In September 1994 in a disused leather factory in Tranmere, Wirral, England, there was a fire associated with asbestos-containing fallout in an urban area. This study aimed to describe the acute health effects of this acute environmental incident.
Descriptive epidemiology of acute health effects of the fire was based on solicitors' letters from compensation claimants, hospital admissions for asthma and other respiratory diseases, accident and emergency records, occupational health records of fire-fighters and police, reports of cases by general practitioners (GPs), and geographical location of calls for help and claimants.
Sixteen thousand people lived in the area worst affected by fallout. There were 344 claimants. Eighty-six per cent of claimants had a health complaint, with a total of 728 symptoms or diseases reported to be a consequence of the fire. Seventy per cent of complaints related to the respiratory tract, with 33 per cent of claimants noting sore throat, 31 per cent cough, 9 per cent exacerbated asthma, 8 per cent breathing problems and 13 per cent headaches. The number of hospital admissions for asthma and other lung diseases 1 day, 2 days, 7 days and 28 days after the date of the incident tended to be lower in the year of the fire than in other years. Within 72 h of the fire no cases connected with the fire were seen in the local accident and emergency unit. The geographical location of calls for help to the environmental health department was different from that for compensation claimants.
Hundreds of people sought compensation for the acute health consequences of the fire. Many symptoms or diseases in 344 people were attributed to the fire, but there is no hard evidence to suggest that these were directly due to the fire, although some may have been indirectly attributable to it.
1994年9月，在英格兰威尔拉尔郡特兰米尔的一家废弃皮革厂发生了一场火灾，此次火灾导致城市地区出现含石棉沉降物。本研究旨在描述这起急性环境事件的急性健康影响。
火灾急性健康影响的描述性流行病学基于赔偿 claimants 的律师函、哮喘和其他呼吸道疾病的住院记录、事故与急诊记录、消防员和警察的职业健康记录、全科医生（GPs）报告的病例以及求救电话和 claimants 的地理位置。
沉降物影响最严重地区有16000人居住。有344名 claimants。86%的 claimants 有健康问题，共报告了728种症状或疾病是火灾导致的。70%的问题与呼吸道有关，33%的 claimants 表示喉咙痛，31%咳嗽，9%哮喘加重，8%呼吸问题，13%头痛。事故发生后1天、2天、7天和28天，因哮喘和其他肺部疾病住院的人数在火灾发生当年往往低于其他年份。火灾发生后72小时内，当地事故与急诊科室未发现与火灾相关的病例。向环境卫生部门求救电话的地理位置与赔偿 claimants 的不同。
数百人就火灾造成的急性健康后果寻求赔偿。344人出现的许多症状或疾病被归因于火灾，但没有确凿证据表明这些直接由火灾导致，尽管有些可能间接与之相关。
