Brook D W, Gordon C, Meadow H, Cohen M C
Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 2000;31(2):15-29. doi: 10.1300/J010v31n02_03.
Behavioral medicine has become increasingly important in medical education over the past two decades, but adoption of its principles and methods has been slow. Behavioral medicine stresses the effects of human behavior on health and illness using a biopsychosocial approach. It also focuses on the use of the doctor-patient relationship, which, if developed using appropriate communication skills, can result in greater patient satisfaction and increased compliance. The authors surveyed all 124 American medical schools to assess both national trends and specific efforts in the teaching of behavioral medicine principles and methods. A review of the types of behavioral medicine programs offered reveals that eight percent of U.S. medical schools had integrated programs of behavioral medicine. Several successful and effective programs were identified, as were a number of specific curricular components. There are several options available to medical schools to integrate behavioral medicine into medical education. The authors conclude that medical education must include behavioral medicine in order to improve the health of the public and to meet the demands of a changing health care system.
在过去二十年里，行为医学在医学教育中变得越来越重要，但它的原则和方法的采用一直很缓慢。行为医学使用生物心理社会方法强调人类行为对健康和疾病的影响。它还注重医患关系的运用，如果运用适当的沟通技巧来发展这种关系，会带来更高的患者满意度和更高的依从性。作者对美国所有124所医学院校进行了调查，以评估行为医学原则和方法教学方面的全国趋势和具体努力。对所提供的行为医学课程类型的审查表明，8%的美国医学院校设有行为医学综合课程。确定了几个成功且有效的课程，以及一些具体的课程组成部分。医学院校有多种将行为医学融入医学教育的选择。作者得出结论，医学教育必须纳入行为医学，以改善公众健康并满足不断变化的医疗保健系统的需求。
