Shearer M J
Vitamin K Research Unit, The Haemophilia Centre, St Thomas's Hospital, London, UK.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2000 Nov;3(6):433-8. doi: 10.1097/00075197-200011000-00004.
Among the proteins known or suspected to be involved in bone and vascular biology are several members of the vitamin K-dependent or Gla protein family. This review focuses on the role of two of these: osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein. Osteocalcin metabolism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis through an unknown mechanism that may be linked to suboptimal vitamin K status resulting in its undercarboxylation and presumed dysfunction. Recent studies that have investigated this hypothesis are discussed, as are recent promising clinical studies of vitamin K supplementation in osteoporosis. A recently delineated function of matrix Gla protein is as a powerful inhibitor of calcification of arteries and cartilage. In the period covered by this review there have been several landmark studies using cell systems, whole animals and genetic techniques that have consolidated and extended our knowledge of the role of matrix Gla protein in the prevention of ectopic calcification.
已知或疑似参与骨骼和血管生物学的蛋白质中，有几种是维生素K依赖或含γ-羧基谷氨酸（Gla）蛋白家族的成员。本综述聚焦于其中两种蛋白的作用：骨钙素和基质Gla蛋白。骨钙素代谢通过一种未知机制与骨质疏松症的发病机制相关，该机制可能与维生素K状态欠佳导致其羧化不足及假定的功能障碍有关。本文讨论了近期研究该假说的研究，以及近期关于补充维生素K治疗骨质疏松症的有前景的临床研究。基质Gla蛋白最近被描述的一个功能是作为动脉和软骨钙化的强力抑制剂。在本综述所涵盖的时期内，有几项具有里程碑意义的研究，使用细胞系统、整体动物和基因技术，巩固并扩展了我们对基质Gla蛋白在预防异位钙化中作用的认识。
