Burke L M, Harris D
Faculty of Health, South Bank University, 103, Borough Road, London, UK.
Nurse Educ Today. 2000 Nov;20(8):620-8. doi: 10.1054/nedt.2000.0484.
The issue of whether nursing should be an all graduate profession is one of the most important questions currently facing the nursing profession. The literature indicates that there are differing views on this issue but that there is little research on the performance of graduate nurses in practice. Purchasers of education have played an increasingly significant part in nurse education since the advent of Working Paper 10 (WP10) (DOH 1989). Purchasers hold the resources for nurse education and can now decide whether to commission for diploma or degree level student nurses, therefore they will have a major influence on the outcome of this debate. The aim of this paper is to discuss the views of the purchasers of education about this issue. A purposeful sample of 34 key stakeholders involved in commissioning and contracting for education was selected and asked for their views on whether nursing will or should become an all graduate profession. Key areas that were focused upon were the problems that might emerge from an all graduate nursing profession, the advantages of graduate level nurses within the NHS, what graduateness is and what it might mean for nursing. The results indicated that purchasers were convinced of the importance of nursing graduates but only as part of the workforce. Alternative ways of increasing the percentage of graduates rather than in pre-registration education were preferred with pathways of education linked to continuing professional development. Significantly, the participants were able to articulate the attributes of a degree level education for clinical practice including leadership, assertiveness, and reflective, critical skills.
护理是否应成为全研究生专业的问题，是当前护理行业面临的最重要问题之一。文献表明，对此问题存在不同观点，但关于研究生护士在实践中的表现却鲜有研究。自第10号工作文件（WP10）（卫生部，1989年）问世以来，教育采购方在护士教育中发挥着越来越重要的作用。采购方掌握着护士教育的资源，现在能够决定是委托培养文凭水平还是学位水平的学生护士，因此他们将对这场辩论的结果产生重大影响。本文旨在探讨教育采购方对这一问题的看法。我们选取了34名参与教育委托和签约的关键利益相关者作为有目的的样本，询问他们对于护理是否会或应该成为全研究生专业的看法。重点关注的关键领域包括全研究生护理专业可能出现的问题、国民健康服务体系（NHS）中研究生水平护士的优势、研究生素质是什么以及它对护理意味着什么。结果表明，采购方确信护理专业毕业生很重要，但仅将其视为劳动力的一部分。他们更倾向于通过与持续专业发展相联系的教育途径，来提高毕业生比例，而不是在注册前教育阶段。值得注意的是，参与者能够阐明临床实践学位水平教育的属性，包括领导力、自信以及反思和批判性技能。
