Wade T J, Cairney J
Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0840, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000 Nov;188(11):741-50. doi: 10.1097/00005053-200011000-00004.
This analysis employs a national panel study to examine the relationship between marital transition and depression among mothers within the framework of selection and causation processes. The data come from the two-wave, longitudinal National Population Health Survey (NPHS) by Statistics Canada collected in 1994 and again in 1996 focusing on women between 20 and 65 years of age with children living at home (N = 2169). Compared with mothers who remain married, mothers making the transition into single-parenthood had a significantly higher rate of major depression at Time 1, which increased, but not significantly, at Time 2. This suggests that a selection effect may explain the elevated levels of depression among mothers experiencing a marital disruption. Rates of depression among single-parent mothers making the transition into a marital relationship did not decrease significantly between waves nor did the rate differ significantly from stable single-parent mothers at Time 1 or Time 2, suggesting that movement into marriage is not a protective factor.
本分析采用全国性面板研究，在选择和因果关系过程的框架内，考察母亲婚姻状况转变与抑郁之间的关系。数据来自加拿大统计局于1994年和1996年进行的两期纵向全国人口健康调查（NPHS），调查对象为20至65岁、有孩子在家居住的女性（N = 2169）。与婚姻状况未变的母亲相比，处于单亲状态的母亲在第1阶段患重度抑郁症的比例显著更高，在第2阶段虽有上升但不显著。这表明，选择效应可能是经历婚姻破裂的母亲中抑郁症患病率较高的原因。在两期调查之间，处于单亲状态且即将步入婚姻关系的母亲的抑郁率并未显著下降，在第1阶段和第2阶段，其抑郁率与稳定的单亲母亲相比也无显著差异，这表明步入婚姻并非一个保护因素。
