Grootegoed J A, Siep M, Baarends W M
Department of Endocrinology and Reproduction, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, TheNetherlands.
Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Sep;14(3):331-43. doi: 10.1053/beem.2000.0083.
Mammalian spermatogenesis shows a strict control of many specific molecular and cellular events. This control involves Sertoli cell-germ cell interaction, as well as a programmed performance of changes in chromatin structure and gene expression in the developing germ cells. In recent years, much knowledge about the functions of defined genes in spermatogenesis has been gained by making use of mouse transgenic and gene knockout models. Several of these models are discussed in this brief overview, with an emphasis on genes encoding proteins involved in the control of gene transcription, mRNA translation, DNA repair and protein ubiquitination. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of spermatogenesis in the mouse may provide concepts that can improve our understanding of human male infertility and may also lead to the identification of novel targets for contraceptive intervention.
哺乳动物的精子发生过程显示出对许多特定分子和细胞事件的严格控制。这种控制涉及支持细胞与生殖细胞的相互作用，以及发育中的生殖细胞染色质结构和基因表达变化的程序性表现。近年来，通过利用小鼠转基因和基因敲除模型，人们对精子发生中特定基因的功能有了很多了解。在这篇简要综述中讨论了其中的几种模型，重点是编码参与基因转录控制、mRNA翻译、DNA修复和蛋白质泛素化的蛋白质的基因。更好地理解小鼠精子发生的分子和细胞生物学可能会提供一些概念，有助于增进我们对人类男性不育症的理解，也可能会导致识别出避孕干预的新靶点。
