Alexandre F
LORIA-INRIA, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
Therapie. 2000 Jul-Aug;55(4):525-32.
Even if computer science, at its birth, had strong links with the neurosciences, it is today mainly oriented toward efficiency and robustness. For example, memory in a computer has few relationships with memory in a living being. Nevertheless, some domains in computer science are interested in this kind of modelling. In particular, connectionism, whose goal is to elaborate artificial neural networks, uses a formalism for its calculus inspired from calculus in the brain. Different kinds of memory that can be emulated by artificial neural networks, inspired by statistics or biology, are presented here. Their relationships with human memory are discussed together with their tentative interest for the biologist or the therapist.
即使计算机科学在诞生之初与神经科学有着紧密联系，但如今它主要侧重于效率和稳健性。例如，计算机中的存储器与生物体内的记忆几乎没有关联。然而，计算机科学中的一些领域对这种建模感兴趣。特别是联结主义，其目标是构建人工神经网络，它在计算时所使用的形式体系源自大脑中的计算方式。本文介绍了受统计学或生物学启发、可由人工神经网络模拟的不同类型的记忆。还讨论了它们与人类记忆的关系，以及它们对生物学家或治疗师可能具有的潜在价值。
