Pathak P, Srivastava S, Grover S
Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Nagar, India.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2000 Sep;51(5):409-14. doi: 10.1080/096374800427019.
A multitude of investigations have demonstrated the beneficial hypoglycemic effect of millets, fenugreek seeds and legumes in diabetic subjects. However, the bitter taste of fenugreek seeds and coarse nature of millets have been limitations in using them in daily dietaries. Moreover, as of today, the availability of special foods for diabetics in the Indian market is negligible. The millets, fenugreek seeds and legumes in judicious combination, after suitable processing, were used to formulate three nutritious food products--dhokla (leavened steamed cake), uppuma (kedgeree) and laddu (sweet balls), which are popular traditional snack foods in India. Evaluation of these food products for glycemic response in five normal and five diabetic subjects showed hypoglycemic effects in terms of glycemic-index (GI). The highest GI was observed for dhokla (34.96) followed by laddu (23.52) and uppuma (17.60) in normal subjects. All three food products differed significantly from each other in GI. Comparison of GI of all three food products in normal subjects with diabetes did not show significant differences (P approximately 0.05). The food products were well tolerated and acceptable to the subjects. These food products may have an important role in dietary management for diabetic people and may cater for their needs on a large scale if commercialized.
众多研究表明，小米、葫芦巴籽和豆类对糖尿病患者具有有益的降血糖作用。然而，葫芦巴籽的苦味和小米的粗糙质地限制了它们在日常饮食中的使用。此外，截至目前，印度市场上糖尿病患者专用食品的供应量微乎其微。将小米、葫芦巴籽和豆类经过适当加工后进行合理搭配，用于制作三种营养食品——多克拉（发酵蒸糕）、乌普马（烩饭）和拉杜（甜球），这些都是印度流行的传统小吃。对五名正常人和五名糖尿病患者的这些食品进行血糖反应评估，结果显示它们在血糖指数（GI）方面具有降血糖作用。在正常受试者中，多克拉的血糖指数最高（34.96），其次是拉杜（23.52）和乌普马（17.60）。这三种食品的血糖指数彼此之间存在显著差异。正常受试者与糖尿病患者食用这三种食品后的血糖指数比较未显示出显著差异（P约为0.05）。这些食品耐受性良好，受试者能够接受。这些食品可能在糖尿病患者的饮食管理中发挥重要作用，如果实现商业化，可能会大规模满足他们的需求。
