Nishiyama H, Lewis J T, Ashare A B, Saenger E L
J Nucl Med. 1975 Jan;16(1):11-6.
Individual observers interpreted images in order to assess their accuracy and sources of error. Seventy-six liver images were presented to nine readers for interpretation. Readers of differing experience participated in the study: four radiology residents, three fellows in nuclear medicine, and two full-time nuclear medicine physicians. A higher incidence of false-positive reading was more common in inexperienced observers (11-50%) and the most correct readings were obtained by staff physicians (88% overall percentage accuracy). Heterogeneity in radionuclide uptake was the most frequently ill-defined nature was the most common false-positive finding in normal cases. Early stages of cirrhosis, mild hepatitis, and rare diseases such as hepatic sarcoidosis were difficult to detect. Skill of interpretation improved with experience, especially in judging heterogeneity of an ill-defined nature, and the rate of accurate readings was proportional to the level of training of the observer.
个体观察者解读图像以评估其准确性和误差来源。向九位读者展示了76张肝脏图像以供解读。不同经验的读者参与了该研究：四名放射科住院医师、三名核医学研究员和两名全职核医学医师。经验不足的观察者出现假阳性解读的发生率更高（11%-50%），而 staff physicians（此处原文有误，推测可能是“专科医生”）获得的正确解读最多（总体准确率为88%）。放射性核素摄取的异质性是最常难以明确界定的性质，是正常病例中最常见的假阳性发现。肝硬化早期、轻度肝炎以及肝结节病等罕见疾病难以检测。解读技能随着经验的增加而提高，尤其是在判断难以明确界定性质的异质性方面，准确解读率与观察者的培训水平成正比。
