Higgins SI, Pickett ST, Bond WJ
Trends Ecol Evol. 2000 Dec 1;15(12):516-520. doi: 10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01993-5.
An emerging generalization from theoretical and empirical studies on conservation biology is that high levels of environmental stochasticity increase the likelihood of population extinction. However, coexistence theory has illustrated that there are circumstances under which environmental stochasticity can increase the chance of population persistence. These theoretical studies have shown that the sign of the effect of environmental stochasticity on population persistence is determined by interactions between life history and environmental stochasticity. These interactions mean that the stochastic and deterministic rates of population growth might differ fundamentally. Although difficult to demonstrate in real systems, observed life histories and variance in the vital rates of populations suggest that this phenomenon is likely to be common, and is therefore of much relevance to conservation biologists.
保护生物学的理论和实证研究中一个新出现的普遍观点是，高水平的环境随机性会增加种群灭绝的可能性。然而，共存理论表明，在某些情况下，环境随机性会增加种群持续存在的机会。这些理论研究表明，环境随机性对种群持续存在的影响的正负取决于生活史与环境随机性之间的相互作用。这些相互作用意味着种群增长的随机速率和确定性速率可能存在根本差异。尽管在实际系统中难以证明，但观察到的生活史和种群生命率的方差表明，这种现象可能很常见，因此对保护生物学家具有重要意义。
