Karnezis I A, Fragkiadakis E G, Webb J M, Hardy J R
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bristol, UK.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2001 Jan;16(1):54-60. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(00)00067-x.
To quantify the kinematics of the injury to the posterior cruciate and the other major knee ligaments as a function of the knee flexion angle at the moment of impact.
Computer-aided design modelling was used to investigate the strain response of all major knee ligaments during antero-posterior abnormal tibio-femoral translation at 0-90 degrees knee flexion.
It is generally believed that the likelihood of injury to the posterior cruciate ligament following anterior impact is higher in the flexed knee. However, there are no kinematical studies to quantify this clinical observation or investigate the role of the other knee ligaments in the above situation.
Computer calculations of the individual ligament strain were plotted against the magnitude of posterior tibial translation. Additionally, the strain rate for each ligament (defined as the ligament strain produced per mm of posterior tibial linear translation) was calculated as the slope of the strain-displacement curve for all tested degrees of knee flexion.
The posterior cruciate ligament has been shown to be the primary restraint to posterior tibial translation in all degrees of knee flexion. However, at 90 degrees of knee flexion the strain rate of the posterior cruciate ligament is approximately half that in the fully extended knee and the posterior cruciate ligament is the only ligament to resist posterior tibial translation.
The strain behaviour of the posterior cruciate ligament during injury is highly dependent on the knee flexion during the moment of impact. Forced posterior tibial translation in the 90 degrees flexed knee may result in isolated posterior cruciate ligament deficit rather than a complex ligament disruption. The strain rate of a ligament as introduced in the present study is a quantified parameter related to the resistance that the ligament imposes to an abnormal joint movement. Relevance. This study provides insight into the differential strain of the knee ligaments during impacts that result in posterior cruciate ligament injury. Studies that quantify the strain behaviour of individual knee ligaments are important to the understanding, diagnosis and prevention of injuries sustained during contact sports and high-energy road traffic accidents.
量化后交叉韧带及其他主要膝关节韧带损伤的运动学情况，作为撞击瞬间膝关节屈曲角度的函数。
采用计算机辅助设计建模，研究在膝关节屈曲0至90度时，胫股前后方向异常平移过程中所有主要膝关节韧带的应变反应。
一般认为，屈膝时前向撞击后后交叉韧带损伤的可能性更高。然而，尚无运动学研究对这一临床观察进行量化，或研究上述情况下其他膝关节韧带的作用。
将各韧带应变的计算机计算结果与胫骨后移幅度进行绘图。此外，计算每条韧带的应变率（定义为胫骨后向线性平移每毫米产生的韧带应变），作为所有测试膝关节屈曲角度下应变-位移曲线的斜率。
已表明后交叉韧带在所有膝关节屈曲角度下都是胫骨后移的主要限制因素。然而，在膝关节屈曲90度时，后交叉韧带的应变率约为膝关节完全伸展时的一半，且后交叉韧带是唯一抵抗胫骨后移的韧带。
后交叉韧带在损伤时的应变行为高度依赖于撞击瞬间的膝关节屈曲情况。在屈膝90度时强迫胫骨后移可能导致孤立的后交叉韧带损伤，而非复杂的韧带断裂。本研究引入的韧带应变率是一个与韧带对异常关节运动施加的阻力相关的量化参数。相关性。本研究深入了解了导致后交叉韧带损伤的撞击过程中膝关节韧带的差异应变。量化各膝关节韧带应变行为的研究对于理解、诊断和预防接触性运动及高能道路交通事故中发生的损伤具有重要意义。
