Pedersen C A, Schneider P J, Santell J P, Kelly E J
Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2000 Dec 1;57(23):2171-87. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/57.23.2171.
Results of the 2000 ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in acute care settings that pertain to patient medication monitoring, education, and wellness are presented. Pharmacy directors at 1063 general and children's medical-surgical hospitals in the United States were surveyed by mail. The response rate was 50.2%. Although the respondents indicated that most pharmacists spent less than 20% of their time on medication-monitoring activities, the amount of time devoted to such activities was increasing. Pharmacists were selective about which patients they chose to monitor for medication-related problems. Patients were frequently chosen on the basis of service or medication. Pharmacists used a number of mechanisms to monitor patients for adverse drug events (ADEs). Although internal ADE reporting had generally increased within the preceding three years, 81% of the Institutions had implemented strategies to improve reporting. When ADEs were reported externally (59% of the respondents), FDA was most commonly alerted. About 92% of the respondents indicated that nursing had primary responsibility for counseling patients about medications. Pharmacists were infrequently involved in medication education during the hospital stay; however, 48% of the institutions used some method to identify patients needing counseling by pharmacists. Slightly more than half of the respondents reported having wellness programs. Pharmacists were most commonly involved in disease-based wellness programs. Pharmacists in acute care settings appear to be well positioned to improve the patient-monitoring, education, and wellness components of the medication-use process.
本文介绍了2000年美国卫生系统药师协会（ASHP）针对急症护理机构药房实践进行的全国性调查结果，该调查涉及患者用药监测、教育及健康促进等方面。通过邮件对美国1063家综合及儿童内科外科医院的药房主任进行了调查，回复率为50.2%。尽管受访者表示大多数药师用于用药监测活动的时间不到20%，但投入此类活动的时间正在增加。药师在选择监测哪些有用药相关问题的患者时具有选择性，常根据服务或药物来选择患者。药师采用多种机制监测患者的药物不良事件（ADEs）。虽然在过去三年中内部ADE报告总体上有所增加，但81%的机构已实施改善报告的策略。当ADEs向外报告时（59%的受访者），最常通报给美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）。约92%的受访者表示护士主要负责为患者提供用药咨询。药师在患者住院期间很少参与用药教育；然而，48%的机构采用了某种方法来确定需要药师咨询的患者。略超过一半的受访者报告有健康促进项目，药师最常参与基于疾病的健康促进项目。急症护理机构的药师似乎处于有利位置，能够改善用药过程中的患者监测、教育及健康促进环节。
