Canale D M, Cecere M C, Chuit R, Gürtler R E
Servicio Nacional de Chagas, Centro de Reservorios y Vectores, Córdoba, Argentina.
Med Vet Entomol. 2000 Dec;14(4):383-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00254.x.
The Reduviid bugs Triatoma garciabesi Carcavallo et al. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), previously known as T. sordida Ståhl in the semi-arid chaco region, and T. guasayana Wygodzinsky & Abalos, vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), were found to occupy wide but different ranges of ecotopes in the peridomestic environment. At Amamá and nearby rural villages in north-western Argentina, a combined total of 1233 specimens were collected from 325/2314 (14%) sites surveyed at 6-monthly intervals from November 1994 to November 1996. Triatoma garciabesi and T. guasayana displayed a significantly different distribution among peridomestic ecotopes. Triatoma garciabesi predominated over T. guasayana in the prevalence of infested sites, the number of colonies and the number of bugs collected. For T. garciabesi, the predominant ecotopes most likely to yield T. garciabesi repeatedly were the rugged bark of Prosopis alba or P. nigra (Fabaceae) trees, where chickens roosted, and chicken coops. For T. guasayana the main ecotopes were goat or sheep corrals, piled materials and orchard fences. Triatoma garciabesi and T. guasayana were collected concurrently from the same site on 9/2314 (0.4%) occasions, and on different dates at the same site on 12 (0.5%) occasions. The observed low frequency of mixed populations (< 1%) was not significantly different from that expected from a hypothesis of independence. Triatoma garciabesi clearly outnumbered T. guasayana in four of the nine mixed populations, none of which persisted as such. Neither T. garciabesi nor T. guasayana colonized human habitations, even in the absence of T. infestans (formerly the predominant domestic vector of T. cruzi in this area), a situation that apparently has not changed in the last 50 years in northern Argentina.
猎蝽科昆虫加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽（Triatoma garciabesi Carcavallo等人，半翅目：猎蝽科：锥猎蝽亚科），以前在半干旱查科地区被称为污色锥猎蝽（T. sordida Ståhl），以及瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽（T. guasayana Wygodzinsky & Abalos），它们是克氏锥虫（Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas，动质体目：锥虫科）的传播媒介，被发现栖息在居家周边环境中广泛但不同的生态位范围内。在阿根廷西北部的阿马马及附近的乡村，从1994年11月至1996年11月，每隔6个月对325/2314个（14%）地点进行调查，共采集到1233个标本。加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽和瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽在居家周边生态位中的分布存在显著差异。在受侵扰地点的患病率、虫群数量和采集到的猎蝽数量方面，加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽都超过了瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽。对于加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽来说，最有可能反复发现该物种的主要生态位是白牧豆树（Prosopis alba）或黑牧豆树（P. nigra，豆科）粗糙的树皮，鸡在那里栖息，以及鸡舍。对于瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽来说，主要生态位是山羊或绵羊畜栏、堆积的材料和果园围栏。在9/2314（0.4%）的情况下，在同一地点同时采集到加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽和瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽，在12（0.5%）的情况下，在同一地点不同日期采集到这两种猎蝽。观察到的混合种群低频率（<1%）与独立性假设预期的频率没有显著差异。在九个混合种群中的四个中，加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽的数量明显超过瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽，但没有一个混合种群持续存在。加西亚贝氏锥猎蝽和瓜萨亚纳锥猎蝽都没有在人类居住环境中定殖，即使在没有侵扰锥猎蝽（以前是该地区克氏锥虫的主要家栖传播媒介）的情况下也是如此，在阿根廷北部，这种情况在过去50年里显然没有改变。
