Murnaghan G F, Gowland S, Rose M, Lalak A, Murphy D
Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg. 1978;70:139-44.
These studies indicate that the monkey Macaca nemestrina provides a suitable model to evaluate the neurological mechanism of micturition. This animal has a sacral spinal center for micturition whereby the classification of primary patterns of neurogenic disorder into spinal reflex after suprasacral spinal cord section and autonomous after cauda equina section is validated. Attempts at dissociation of the spinal and vesical neurons by section of the cauda equina were characterized generally by raised rather than lowered tonus, irrespective of previous urinary diversion to prevent inadvertent overstretch of the bladder. No evidence was obtained to indicate that overstretch of the autonomous bladder is followed by loss of tonus but the survival times of the animals after cauda equina section were comparatively short. There was some indication that overstretch may induce coordinated contractility of the bladder when only the peripheral neuron and sympathetic innervation of the bladder are intact. Evidence was obtained that the monkey has a dual innervation of the mid urethra, in which the pressure profile is supported by alpha adrenergic receptors as well as some somatic neural control. The resting urethral pressure profile is preserved after low level section of the spinal cord or division of the cauda equina but is lower in amplitide after overstretch of the autonomous bladder.
这些研究表明，豚尾猕猴是评估排尿神经机制的合适模型。这种动物有一个骶髓排尿中枢，据此验证了神经源性障碍的主要模式分类，即骶上脊髓横断后的脊髓反射型和马尾横断后的自主型。通过切断马尾分离脊髓和膀胱神经元的尝试，其特征通常是张力升高而非降低，无论之前是否进行尿流改道以防止膀胱意外过度伸展。没有证据表明自主膀胱过度伸展后会出现张力丧失，但马尾横断后动物的存活时间相对较短。有一些迹象表明，当仅膀胱的外周神经元和交感神经支配完整时，过度伸展可能会诱发膀胱的协调性收缩。有证据表明，猕猴的尿道中段有双重神经支配，其中压力分布由α肾上腺素能受体以及一些躯体神经控制来维持。脊髓低位横断或马尾切断后，静息尿道压力分布得以保留，但自主膀胱过度伸展后其幅度会降低。
