Jaffe D T
Psychiatry. 1975 Feb;38(1):23-37. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1975.11023832.
While the medical origin of psychiatric treatment has led to a tendency for discussions of treatment to dwell mainly on what is wrong with the psyche of patients, the treatment process of a residential facility consists of interaction between patients and a variety of staff members. It is a social process, and to understand fully what is going on, one might ask not only who is doing and saying what to whom, but who expects what, and how do each of the participants interpret what is going on. In observing the treatment process in a short-term psychiatric ward of a community mental health center, I saw the interaction of at least two different concepts and styles of treatment--the traditional medical model, and another model based on mobilizing social support. I found that my sociological perspective was useful in looking at the organization of the ward, at the two models of treatment--their interaction, their support of each other, and their occasional conflict, and at the nature of the patient role and the treatment process.
尽管精神治疗的医学起源导致治疗讨论倾向于主要关注患者心理的问题所在，但住院治疗机构的治疗过程是患者与各类工作人员之间的互动。这是一个社会过程，为了全面理解正在发生的事情，人们可能不仅要问谁对谁说了什么、做了什么，还要问谁期待什么，以及每个参与者如何解读正在发生的事情。在观察社区心理健康中心短期精神科病房的治疗过程时，我看到了至少两种不同的治疗概念和方式的相互作用——传统医学模式和另一种基于调动社会支持的模式。我发现我的社会学视角有助于审视病房的组织情况、两种治疗模式——它们的相互作用、相互支持以及偶尔的冲突，还有患者角色的性质和治疗过程。
