[Pregnancy outcome in women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus].

OBJECTIVE

To identify the medical complications in a cohort of HIV-infected, pregnant women and to determine the risk of having the virus in the development of these complications.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A cohort study of 44 HIV-infected and 88 seronegative pregnant women was performed. Pregnancy was followed and perinatal results were compared. HIV-infected women were asymptomatic with CD4 count > 200 mm3. Patients were matched for age and socioeconomic status.

RESULTS

In 42 (95.4%) of HIV patients the disease had been transmitted sexually; 35 (79.5%) had been infected for less than one year and 15 (34%) received antiviral treatment during pregnancy. HIV-infected patients showed greater risk of infectious disorders (RR3.1, CI95% 1.9-52), cervical infections (RR 2.2, CI95% 1-48) and sexually transmitted diseases (RR 18, CI95% 2.3-137). Newborns showed low birth weight and were premature, and neonatal affections were similar in the two groups compared. Stratified analysis showed that no antiretroviral treatment and more than three sexual partners increase the risk of infections.

CONCLUSIONS

HIV-seropositive, asymptomatic, pregnant women with > 200/mm3 CD4 count did not show greater medical risk along pregnancy and birth, although higher incidence of infections was detected.