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Arch Pediatr. 2000 Dec;7(12):1347-52. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(00)00158-5.
Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening allergic reaction with cardiovascular collapse. The cardiovascular collapse may occur suddenly without warning signs or may be preceded by symptoms such as pruritus, wheezing, dyspnea, urticaria, pallor, digestive symptoms, and weakness. Food allergens, injected drugs and hymenoptera stings are the main etiologies. Anaphylactic shock requires an emergency treatment with immediate intramuscular or subcutaneous epinephrine injection. Subsequent avoidance of the inciting allergens is mandatory together with the availability of a first aid kit including ready-to-use epinephrine syringes. Besides its absolute necessity in any doctor's office, such first aid kits should be available in any children's group.
过敏性休克是一种伴有心血管衰竭的危及生命的过敏反应。心血管衰竭可能突然发生且无预警症状，也可能在出现瘙痒、喘息、呼吸困难、荨麻疹、面色苍白、消化系统症状和虚弱等症状之后发生。食物过敏原、注射用药物和膜翅目昆虫叮咬是主要病因。过敏性休克需要紧急治疗，立即肌肉注射或皮下注射肾上腺素。随后必须避免接触诱发过敏的过敏原，并准备好包含即用型肾上腺素注射器的急救箱。除了在任何医生办公室绝对必要配备外，任何儿童群体中都应备有此类急救箱。
