de Lucas Ramos P, Rodríguez González-Moro J M, Paz González L, Santa-Cruz Siminiani A, Cubillo Marcos J M
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2000 Nov;36(10):545-50.
Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) is used to treat chronic respiratory insufficiency in patients who are clinically stable and require partial or total support ventilation. To determine how HMV is being used in Spain, we mailed a questionnaire to the respiratory medicine departments of all hospitals in the public health system. The closing date for receipt of responses was April 1999. Forty-three hospitals in 14 autonomous communities of Spain responded. At the time of the survey, 1,821 patients were using HMV, which had been introduced in 1987. Volumetric respirations were being used by 856 patients and various models for delivering support pressure were being used by 965. Nasal masks connected to respirators were being used by 90%, while 6% were ventilated through a tracheotomy, 2% through face masks and fewer than 1% trough mouth devices. In conclusion, HMV has been widely applied in Spain and non invasive ventilation is usually provided through a face mask. HMV is prescribed for the usual reasons (chest and neuromuscular diseases) and for such conditions as hypoventilation due to obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
家庭机械通气（HMV）用于治疗临床状况稳定且需要部分或全部通气支持的慢性呼吸功能不全患者。为确定西班牙如何使用HMV，我们向公共卫生系统所有医院的呼吸内科邮寄了一份调查问卷。回复的截止日期为1999年4月。西班牙14个自治区的43家医院做出了回应。在调查时，1821名患者正在使用HMV，HMV于1987年引入。856名患者使用容积式通气，965名患者使用各种提供支持压力的模式。90%的患者使用连接到呼吸机的鼻罩，6%通过气管切开进行通气，2%通过面罩通气，通过口腔装置通气的不到1%。总之，HMV在西班牙已得到广泛应用，无创通气通常通过面罩提供。HMV的处方基于常见原因（胸部和神经肌肉疾病）以及肥胖和慢性阻塞性肺疾病导致的通气不足等情况。
