Begley T P, Kinsland C, Mehl R A, Osterman A, Dorrestein P
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Vitam Horm. 2001;61:103-19. doi: 10.1016/s0083-6729(01)61003-3.
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD, NADH, NADP, and NADPH) are essential cofactors in all living systems and function as hydride acceptors (NAD, NADP) and hydride donors (NADH, NADPH) in biochemical redox reactions. The six-step bacterial biosynthetic pathway begins with the oxidation of aspartate to iminosuccinic acid, which is then condensed with dihydroxyacetone phosphate to give quinolinic acid. Phosphoribosylation and decarboxylation of quinolinic acid gives nicotinic acid mononucleotide. Adenylation of this mononucleotide followed by amide formation completes the biosynthesis of NAD. An additional phosphorylation gives NADP. This review focuses on the mechanistic enzymology of this pathway in bacteria.
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD、NADH、NADP和NADPH）是所有生命系统中必不可少的辅酶，在生化氧化还原反应中作为氢化物受体（NAD、NADP）和氢化物供体（NADH、NADPH）发挥作用。细菌的六步生物合成途径始于天冬氨酸氧化为亚氨基琥珀酸，然后与磷酸二羟丙酮缩合生成喹啉酸。喹啉酸的磷酸核糖基化和脱羧反应生成烟酸单核苷酸。该单核苷酸的腺苷化随后形成酰胺，完成NAD的生物合成。进一步的磷酸化反应生成NADP。本综述重点关注细菌中该途径的机制酶学。
