Heuer Herbert, Klein Wolfhard
Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie an der Universität Dortmund, Ardeystrasse 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
J Mot Behav. 1999 Sep;31(3):248-264. doi: 10.1080/00222899909600992.
In a series of 4 experiments, the authors examined involuntary rotations of a steering device (handlebar or wheel) that were associated with periodic head rotations and eccentric head positions. Periodic head rotations resulted in isodirectional involuntary rotations of a horizontally arranged steering device of very small amplitude. When the orientation of a steering wheel was changed to vertical and to a backward tilt, the involuntary rotations were in the opposite direction. That pattern of results is consistent with the assumption that small movements of the shoulder girdle, which are associated with head turns and which cannot be prevented by mechanical immobilization of the shoulder, are propagated to the wheel, but is not consistent with previous suggestions that involuntary rotations of a steering device can result from the action of the tonic neck reflex. Effects that correspond to the pattern of the tonic neck reflex were found only when a spring-centered handlebar was held in an eccentric position; maintenance of the eccentric position was facilitated when the participant's head was turned in the opposite direction. The findings strongly suggest that head movements can result in involuntary movements of a steering device via different mechanisms.
在一系列4个实验中，作者研究了与周期性头部转动和头部偏心位置相关的转向装置（车把或方向盘）的非自主转动。周期性头部转动导致水平排列的转向装置产生非常小幅度的同向非自主转动。当方向盘的方向变为垂直并向后倾斜时，非自主转动方向相反。该结果模式与以下假设一致：与头部转动相关且无法通过肩部机械固定来防止的肩带小运动传播到了方向盘，但与之前关于转向装置的非自主转动可能由紧张性颈反射作用导致的观点不一致。仅当将弹簧中心车把保持在偏心位置时，才发现了与紧张性颈反射模式相对应的效应；当参与者的头部转向相反方向时，偏心位置的维持变得更容易。这些发现有力地表明，头部运动可通过不同机制导致转向装置的非自主运动。
