Takaro T K, Ertell K, Salazar M K, Beaudet N, Stover B, Hagopian A, Omenn G, Barnhart S
University of Washington Occupational and Environmental Medicine Clinic, USA.
J Healthc Qual. 2000 Nov-Dec;22(6):29-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-1474.2000.tb00163.x.
The Hanford Nuclear Reservation is one of the U.S. Department of Energy's largest nuclear weapons sites. The enormous changes experienced by Hanford over the last several years, as its mission has shifted from weapons production to cleanup, has profoundly affected its occupational health and safety services. Innovative programs and new initiatives hold promise for a safer workplace for the thousands of workers at Hanford and other DOE sites. However, occupational health and safety professionals continue to face multiple organizational, economic, and cultural challenges. A major problem identified during this review was the lack of coordination of onsite services. Because each health and safety program operates independently (albeit with the guidance of the Richland field operations office), many services are duplicative and the health and safety system is fragmented. The fragmentation is compounded by the lack of centralized data repositories for demographic and exposure data. Innovative measures such as a questionnaire-driven Employee Job Task Analysis linked to medical examinations has allowed the site to move from the inefficient and potentially dangerous administrative medical monitoring assignment to defensible risk-based assignments and could serve as a framework for improving centralized data management and service delivery.
汉福德核保留地是美国能源部最大的核武器基地之一。在过去几年里，随着汉福德的使命从武器生产转向清理，它经历了巨大的变化，这对其职业健康与安全服务产生了深远影响。创新项目和新举措有望为汉福德及其他能源部基地的数千名工人创造更安全的工作场所。然而，职业健康与安全专业人员仍面临多种组织、经济和文化挑战。此次审查发现的一个主要问题是现场服务缺乏协调。由于每个健康与安全项目都是独立运作的（尽管在里奇兰现场运营办公室的指导下），许多服务存在重复，健康与安全系统也支离破碎。人口统计和接触数据缺乏集中的数据存储库，这使问题更加复杂。诸如与医学检查相关的问卷驱动型员工工作任务分析等创新措施，已使该基地从低效且可能危险的行政医疗监测任务转向基于风险的合理任务分配，并且可以作为改善集中数据管理和服务提供的框架。
