Reiss M, Reiss G
HNO-Klinik, Städtisches Klinikum Görlitz GmbH, Görlitz.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2000 Dec 7;89(49):2065-9.
Gustatory problems have deleterious consequences to systemic health, nutritional status and quality of life. Chemosensory dysfunction is most often secondary to one of only a few causes: viral infection, toxic chemical exposure, head trauma, as well as medication-related and idiopathic conditions. Many gustatory disorders are secondary to a wide variety of diseases. History taking may provide clues to these and other problems. Therapy should not begin until a standardized test has been given that established impairment of the sense of taste. Treatment of underlying diseases may restore chemosensory function. Reference is made to the need for adequate psychic guidance of patients with chemosensorial problems. If restoration of their sense of taste is unlikely, patient should be cautioned to take steps to ensure safety in regard to such dangers and spoiled foods.
味觉问题会对全身健康、营养状况和生活质量产生有害影响。化学感觉功能障碍最常见的是由少数几种原因之一引起的：病毒感染、接触有毒化学物质、头部创伤，以及与药物相关的和特发性疾病。许多味觉障碍继发于多种疾病。病史采集可能会为这些及其他问题提供线索。在进行标准化测试确定味觉受损之前，不应开始治疗。治疗基础疾病可能会恢复化学感觉功能。文中提到需要对有化学感觉问题的患者给予充分的心理指导。如果恢复味觉不太可能，应告诫患者采取措施确保在面对此类危险和变质食物时的安全。
