Troost B T, Newton T H
Arch Ophthalmol. 1975 Apr;93(4):250-6. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1975.01010020260002.
The differentiation of migraine headache, preceded by visual aura, from cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is often regarded as difficult. A study of 26 patients with occipital lobe AVM revealed two distinct syndromes in 18 patients--occipital epilepsy and occipital apoplexy. Occipital epilepsy is characterized either by elementary visual phenomena, such as brief flashes of light, or by dimming of a homonymous field. Occipital apoplexy results from hemorrhage and hematoma formation within the occipital lobe and is characterized by sudden headache and homonymous visual field loss. We conclude that patients harboring occipital AVMs may, indeed, have visual phenomena and headache that should not be confused with migraine because either a history of generalized seizure or bruits on examination will probably be present.
先兆为视觉症状的偏头痛与脑动静脉畸形（AVM）的鉴别通常被认为很困难。一项针对26例枕叶AVM患者的研究发现，18例患者存在两种不同的综合征——枕叶癫痫和枕叶卒中。枕叶癫痫的特征是出现基本视觉现象，如短暂闪光，或同名视野变暗。枕叶卒中是由枕叶内出血和血肿形成所致，其特征为突发头痛和同名视野缺损。我们得出结论，患有枕叶AVM的患者确实可能出现视觉症状和头痛，不应与偏头痛相混淆，因为检查时可能会发现癫痫大发作史或血管杂音。
