Brinks M V, Murphey W H, Cardwell W, Otos M, Weleber R G
Department of Ophthalmology and Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health Sciencs University, Portland, USA.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2001 Jan-Feb;38(1):11-5. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-20010101-06.
To determine the frequency of Usher's syndrome and other ocular disease in students receiving special education services for the deaf in Oregon and to assess the amount of existing ophthalmologic surveillance of this population. A special emphasis was placed on screening for Usher's syndrome.
From 1980-1990, a prospective two-center visual screening program of 231 deaf students in schools throughout Oregon was conducted using an ophthalmic questionnaire, complete eye examinations, and electroretinography. Students were between the ages of 10 and 21 years and participated on a volunteer basis. Findings for etiology and severity of visual loss and the scope of ophthalmologic surveillance within this population were analyzed.
Two hundred seventeen of the 231 students examined received electroretinograms. Significant ocular pathology was found in 111 (48%) of the students. The most common diagnoses were congenital rubella (21%), significant uncorrected ametropia (16%), and ocular hypertension (9%). Five students were diagnosed with Usher's syndrome. Of the students with significant ocular pathology, only 37% were actively followed by an ophthalmologist.
Deaf students in Oregon's schools had a high frequency of eye disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of eye disease in this population could benefit the quality of life of these students. This study alerted the providers of special education services for the deaf and the ophthalmologic community in Oregon of the need for better eye care for these students.
确定俄勒冈州接受聋人特殊教育服务的学生中患乌舍尔综合征及其他眼部疾病的频率，并评估该人群现有的眼科监测情况。特别强调对乌舍尔综合征的筛查。
1980年至1990年，对俄勒冈州各学校的231名聋人学生开展了一项前瞻性双中心视力筛查项目，采用眼科问卷、全面眼部检查和视网膜电图检查。学生年龄在10至21岁之间，以志愿者身份参与。分析了该人群中视力丧失的病因和严重程度以及眼科监测范围的调查结果。
231名接受检查的学生中有217人进行了视网膜电图检查。111名（48%）学生发现有明显的眼部病变。最常见的诊断是先天性风疹（21%）、明显的屈光不正未矫正（16%）和高眼压（9%）。5名学生被诊断为乌舍尔综合征。在有明显眼部病变的学生中，只有37%的人得到眼科医生的积极随访。
俄勒冈州学校的聋人学生眼部疾病发病率很高。对该人群的眼部疾病进行早期诊断和治疗可改善这些学生的生活质量。本研究提醒俄勒冈州聋人特殊教育服务提供者和眼科界，需要为这些学生提供更好的眼部护理。
