Frisbie W P, Cho Y, Hummer R A
Population Research Center, Department of Sociology, The University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Feb 15;153(4):372-80. doi: 10.1093/aje/153.4.372.
The authors used the 1992-1995 National Health Interview Survey to examine the effect of immigrant status (both nativity and duration of residence in the United States) on the health of Asian and Pacific Islander adults by constructing models in which national origin was also specified. In logistic regression models adjusted for age, marital status, living arrangement, family size, and several socioeconomic indicators, immigrants were found to be in better health than their US-born counterparts, but their health advantages consistently decreased with duration of residence. For example, for Asian and Pacific Islander immigrants whose duration of residence was less than 5 years, 5-9 years, and 10 years or more, the odds ratios for activity limitations were 0.45 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33, 0.62), 0.65 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.93), and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.90), respectively. Similar findings emerged for respondent-reported health and bed days due to illness. These results support the validity and complementarity of the migration selectivity and acculturation hypotheses. However, the picture was not uniformly positive. The health of certain Asian and Pacific Islander groups, notably Pacific Islanders and Vietnamese, was found to be less favorable than average. Finally, after adjustment for health status, immigrants seemed to have less adequate access to formal medical care.
作者利用1992 - 1995年全国健康访谈调查，通过构建同时明确了原籍国的模型，来研究移民身份（包括出生地和在美国的居住时长）对亚太裔成年人健康状况的影响。在针对年龄、婚姻状况、居住安排、家庭规模和若干社会经济指标进行调整的逻辑回归模型中，研究发现移民的健康状况优于在美国出生的同龄人，但其健康优势会随着居住时长的增加而持续下降。例如，对于居住时长少于5年、5 - 9年以及10年及以上的亚太裔移民，活动受限的比值比分别为0.45（95%置信区间（CI）：0.33，0.62）、0.65（95% CI：0.46，0.93）和0.73（95% CI：0.60，0.90）。在受访者报告的健康状况和因病卧床天数方面也出现了类似的结果。这些结果支持了移民选择和文化适应假说的有效性和互补性。然而，情况并非完全乐观。研究发现某些亚太裔群体，尤其是太平洋岛民和越南人的健康状况不如平均水平。最后，在对健康状况进行调整后，移民似乎获得正规医疗服务的机会较少。
