Tilbrook A J, Clarke I J
Department of Physiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia. Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
Biol Reprod. 2001 Mar;64(3):735-42. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod64.3.735.
This minireview considers the state of knowledge regarding the interactions of testicular hormones to regulate the secretion and actions of GnRH in males, with special focus on research conducted in rams and male rhesus monkeys. In these two species, LH secretion is under the negative feedback regulation of testicular steroids that act predominantly within the central nervous system to suppress GnRH secretion. The extent to which these actions of testicular steroids result from the direct actions of testosterone or its primary metabolites, estradiol or dihydrotestosterone, is unclear. Because GnRH neurons do not contain steroid receptors, the testicular steroids must influence GnRH neurons via afferent neurons, which are largely undefined. The feedback regulation of FSH is controlled by inhibin acting directly at the pituitary gland. In male rhesus monkeys, the feedback regulation of FSH secretion is accounted for totally by the physiologically relevant form of inhibin, which appears to be inhibin B. In rams, the feedback regulation of FSH secretion involves the actions of inhibin and testosterone and interactions between these hormones, but the physiologically relevant form of inhibin has not been determined. The mechanisms of action for inhibin are not known.
这篇综述探讨了有关睾丸激素相互作用以调节雄性促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）分泌及作用的知识现状，特别关注在公羊和雄性恒河猴身上开展的研究。在这两个物种中，促黄体生成素（LH）分泌受睾丸类固醇的负反馈调节，这些类固醇主要在中枢神经系统内发挥作用以抑制GnRH分泌。目前尚不清楚睾丸类固醇的这些作用在多大程度上是由睾酮及其主要代谢产物雌二醇或双氢睾酮的直接作用所致。由于GnRH神经元不含类固醇受体，睾丸类固醇必定通过传入神经元影响GnRH神经元，而这些传入神经元在很大程度上尚不明确。促卵泡生成素（FSH）的反馈调节由直接作用于垂体的抑制素控制。在雄性恒河猴中，FSH分泌的反馈调节完全由抑制素的生理相关形式介导，这种形式似乎是抑制素B。在公羊中，FSH分泌的反馈调节涉及抑制素和睾酮的作用以及这些激素之间的相互作用，但抑制素的生理相关形式尚未确定。抑制素的作用机制尚不清楚。
